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2023-06-17
Automatic mechanical watches adjust the date through a mechanism called the date complication. This complication is typically located on the watch movement and consists of several components that work together to change the date display.
1. Date Wheel: A disc with numbers 1 to 31 printed on it. The date wheel rotates once every 24 hours and displays the current date.
2. Date Jumper: A lever that engages with the date wheel and advances it by one increment. The date jumper is moved by the other components to change the date.
3. Date Corrector: A pusher or crown position that allows manual adjustment of the date. This component enables the wearer to change the date if required.
4. Date Driving Wheel: A gear that receives power from the watch's movement and transfers it to the date mechanism.
5. Date Advancement Wheel: A wheel with small protrusions or teeth that engage with the date jumper. The date advancement wheel rotates slowly and moves the date jumper one increment each day.
1. Power Generation: Automatic mechanical watches harness the wearer's wrist movements to generate energy. This energy is stored in a mainspring, which powers the watch's movement.
2. Power Transmission: The mainspring's energy is transmitted through various gears and components to power the entire watch movement, including the date adjustment mechanism.
3. Date Advancement: The slowly rotating date advancement wheel receives power from the movement. As it rotates, the protrusions on the wheel engage with the date jumper.
4. Date Change: At midnight, the date jumper is pushed by the date advancement wheel, causing it to engage with the date wheel and advance the date by one increment.
5. Manual Adjustment: If the wearer needs to change the date manually, they can use the date corrector. By pulling the crown to a specific position or pressing a dedicated pusher, the wearer can turn the date wheel until the desired date is displayed.
It's important to note that some watches may have additional complications, such as day and month indicators, which require more intricate mechanisms to adjust those features. However, the basic principle of using a date wheel, date jumper, and various gears remains consistent across most automatic mechanical watches.
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